Studio Art Essay Example for Free

Studio Art Essay Graffiti originated in New York in the late 1970s. It started off with locals writing their names on walls and subway train just for fame. Before and after that though there were other types of graffiti such as political statements. Graffiti these days is mostly tagging which is the act of marking a surface with a quick scrawl, stencils are common in the city and large aerosol pieces are usually found alongside train lines. The main issue dealing with graffiti these days is how to prevent it. At the same time there are parties that argue we need graffiti and it is an important form of art. Most people trying to prevent graffiti are usually only against the art being produced illegally, that is on private property without permission of the owner. The main argument against graffiti is that it is mainly tagging and it has no brains behind it all. None of it has any meaning. It is so called art that is only for the hip-hop community. The tags make everything look disgusting because it is messy and unreadable. It gives the impression that the councils do not care. It costs around $200,000 a year to remove from walls and public transport, this money could be better spent. Graffiti is a crime and attracts more crime and gangs. Owners that have had their property vandilised by graffiti artists would want to move some where else. Graffiti on shop windows is bad business. There have been a range of ideas presented to support graffiti in a good way and prevent it from occurring illegally. Ideas already in practice are ? Designating high tolerance zones in lanes in Melbourne CBD (Central Business District), such as Hosier Lane. The purpose of high tolerance zones is to keep graffiti on the streets and not remove it. Artists will be attracted to use the lane to exhibit their art instead of commercial and public buildings. ?Legal murals have been encouraged by councils. This aims keep people interested in the graffiti style of art but on a legal level. ?Exhibitions are held frequently at places such as Kent Street Cafes Early Space and the Meatmarket that show graffiti related art work and art done by present and former graffiti artist. Artwork on exhibition is hardly ever tagging, but other forms of graffiti such a stencils, stickers, posters and aerosol pieces. This is aiming to move graffiti art from a street level to a professional level that can be used in the art industry. Councils aim to remove fresh graffiti from public transport within 24 hours. This aims to lower vandals moral and send the message that what they do will not stay so there is no point in doing it. Debates on whether or not graffiti is an actual art and what to do to prevent arise in newspapers. In articles such as Graffiti Crimes from The Age (Melbourne) magazine and Graffiti Plan Ridiculous from the MX paper the writers have very aggressive and unfriendly tones. In Graffiti Plan Ridiculous the writer is actually attacking a writer of a previous letter that suggested everyone entering the CBD must show ID and proof of address. The idea goes with out saying that is ridiculous. There was really no need to lunch an attack just for suggesting it. This shows that tempers are wearing thin on the issue and it is creating a lot of hostility. The article A Display Of Culture by Renae Payne shows the contention of graffiti artists that consider the art as an important part of youth and hip-hop culture. All the artists are in favor of getting legal support from councils. PERSONAL OPINION ? James Borg I think that graffiti is an art, always has been and always will be. The same can be argued about Marcel Duchamps Urinal as it is not a traditional form of art and can be seen as an insult. If a urinal or scribble on a wall can be art then any thing can be art. Something becomes art when it is taken out of context. In the case of graffiti, in all its forms, text and images that are made to be contained on paper and private places are put onto public surfaces. Just because I think graffiti is a form of art does not mean it is not ugly. I think some art in galleries can be very ugly, just because I dont like the look of it doesnt mean everyone does not like it. I have very high expectations of graffiti art. The placement of graffiti art is crucial. The high-tolerance zones are a good idea because all the good art is concentrated in one spot, any one can add their own work to it and no one gets in trouble. Legal murals everywhere are the best because the graffiti does not have to be secluded to a small lane and it encourages more legal murals. Legal murals hardly get vandalised. Illegal graffiti in certain areas definitely destroys the area in a lot of ways. If a wall gets crowded with graffiti it will attract more graffiti, some times of much lower quality. Some times better artists will add their work. Either way the public do not want to see it. I can not say I would like or not. If it were just tags I wouldnt, depends on what it looks like. Fences that run parallel with train lines are constantly being graffitied. Artists want their work on these walls because people hundreds of people catch the train everyday and see their work. If these walls were legalised the amount of illegal graffiti would probably be reduced by more than half. There are a lot of already legal walls on the train line and most of the time artists ask the owner if their wall can be painted. This should be encouraged. I like the whole style of the graffiti pieces and the elements used. I am not concerned about trying to get illegal graffiti recognised as a professional art form in the industry. Graffiti was meant to be illegal, thats the whole point of it. Illegal work will never be appreciated totally by critics because there are too many negatives. Art works in galleries that are based on graffiti might look good but technically it is not graffiti. I will support it as long as it stays creative. I have pretty much grown out of liking graffiti anyway because it is all the same really. I realised that it does more harm than good and it has lost its meaning, even though it started off putting a name up for fame. Stencil art is good but a lot of it lacks skill and originality. The only way illegal graffiti artists will get properly recognised is by doing legal work.

Health and Social Care Task

Health and Social Care Task Introduction: Understanding the specific needs in health and social care is very important in the context of society. A social care and service provider needs to understand the specific and diverse needs in health and social care in order to provide better service, treatment and care. It is also important to know what factors and systems actually meet and support the specific needs. In this assignment, I will first analyze the concepts of health, illness and disability. Then I will try to assess the needs in health and social care and find out how the perception has changed over time. The care requirements of a specific group will also be explored to show how organizations and services support. I will take a look into the impact of legislation, social policy and culture on the services. This will include me analyzing the needs of individuals with specific needs. I will also be evaluating the services and facilities available in the local area following a research with specifying a questionnaire. F inally I will have a look into the approaches and intervention strategies that support people with specific needs and strategies for coping with challenging behaviors related with specific needs. Task 1 Discussion on the change of the concept of disability and illness: According to The equality Act 2010, disability means having a physical or mental impairment that has a ‘substantial’ and ‘long-term’ harmful effect on your ability to do daily regular activity. There are various types of disabilities a person could have. It affects a person’s health condition. Health is a state of complete mental, physical and social well being. Health is related with the effectiveness of a human being in performing the regular daily activities or having access to the proper education, occupation or recreation. On the other hand ‘illness’ refers to the bad state or condition of the health. A person having illness is usually physically impaired and he becomes mostly dependant on others. Another relevant thing is ‘Behavioural issues’. It is the drastic change in the behaviour of people which takes a person to serious mental depression or mental disorder. These disorders include aggressiveness and dishevelled lo ok. With the passage of time the concept of disability and illness in relation to stroke victims has been changed over the few decades. People having disabilities often have specific needs from social care workers. People with learning disabilities are heterogeneous in terms of age group, the degree of disability and the related problems. In the past there were large hospitals established for the purpose of caring for people with special needs because of long physical or mental illness. Over time they became overcrowded hospitals and quality of care provided to them declined. The standard of service became very poor and as a result they were closed after some time. The professional staffs were then shifted to the specialist work communities that worked for the people with specific needs because of the learning disabilities. This helped the improvement of the effectiveness of the treatment and care provided to the people with specific needs. However, the widespread people with learning di sabilities have always been in the community and have had to compete with the common population for health care services. These all had changed the perception of the specific needs over the time being. Analysis of the political, economic, psychological Social and legal framework: The group of service users is cared for in several frameworks. These frameworks include political, economic, psychological Social and legal factors. The current legislations comprise: Care Trust: it is thought as the closets model for a complete union of social and health care in England. Health Act 1999 which includes the three flexible powers for the social and health care services providers: to pool their budgets, to create the combination of service providers and to improve the top commission arrangements. Personal Health Budgets: it is usually for the adults. Financially poor people can get advantage of having service here. Children’s Trust: It gives emphasis on measuring the common framework for children, sharing information and working with youth and children. These initiatives take the health and social care to new heights. For the good health and wellbeing the government is actively looking through it and trying to make the best policy for the future Society. Social policy and culture also affects people with special needs. The social corporation plays an important role in the behaviour and the general health of the person. When people are excluded from society due to their illness or disability, it may take to severe depression and worsen the health condition. People with specific needs have the legal rights to take proper care and services in the society. There are some cultural factors which lead to discrimination in people in the society. So these social, cultural, legal frameworks do have a great impact on the individual’s specific needs and the services they are getting. Task 2 (A) Support system and facilities for the young people with Schizophrenia following a research: Schizophrenia is a kind of mental disorder. A person having this kind of disorder faces problem with his behavior or mental issues. As a part of society, young people with Schizophrenia in a society must have proper facilities and support system to help him lead normal life. To conduct a research in our local area about the facilities for young people with Schizophrenia, I needed to make a questionnaire. The questionnaire includes the following questions: Your name Your age Your present address Your perception about Schizophrenia. What problems do you face with your disorder? Are there any facilities or support systems in your locality for your disorder? How many and what types of facilities are there for your support? Did you avail the facilities? How was the facilities provided to you? Did the service provided to you help? Is the number of facilities available enough for the locality? While conducting the research on 30 young people with Schizophrenia, I have found that there are a number of facilities and systems to support them and they are quite satisfied with the service and facilities they are getting. These facilities include Community mental health teams: providesregular support and treatment and ensures to live with much independence as possible. Psychological treatment: there are a number of psychological treatments available for them. People with mental disorder can have treatment from the psychologists. Meditations: meditation is another way of treatment of Schizophrenia. Young people can have the facility for treatment. Community Engagement: engaging with communities also helps as a treatment of Schizophrenia. Young people with Schizophrenia can also avail the facility from their locality. These facilities cater to the people seeking treatment with their specific needs. But according to the needs of individual, the adoption of facility may vary. (B) Analysis on the local services for the users within Care Value Based framework: There are several local services available for the people with specific needs. The type of services patients are getting from their locality may vary according to his specific needs. For example low social economic status is a serious mental disorder and so it needs certain treatment. Racial discrimination leads to more serious concerns, which are related to mental disorders. Among all the low socio economic status has the biggest effect as it limits access the health care and low education. The low socio economic status is very complex characteristic and includes the quality of health along with education and income. These inequalities are not fair and kind of unnecessary as these have taken some people to longer illness and disorder. People having such kind of disability need to be consulted with proper service and care. There are different professionals that help in providing the service to the people with these needs. Some of them are: NHS Centre: They provide quick access. There are 66 centers in England for almost any convenient location. They provide advice and information on the phone. They offer tips on self-care on health issues. General Practitioners: They play an important role in providing health care. They are usually the first point of contact for people. Every person has the right to join them in the UK Primary care trust: they responsible for providing primary health care. They work to reduce local health inequalities. Besides these there are other arrangements for the treatment of the people with specific disability. These services has quite changes within the last 20 years and along with the related legislations introduced. These services are quite available in local areas. Anyone seeking to get service and care locally can avail from here. Task 3 Assessment on the significance of new government initiatives: There is great significance of new government. initiatives. These initiatives help to foster autonomy and promote empowerment of young vulnerable adults. There are several approaches and interventions to support people with specific needs. Some of the approaches are described below: Self – help – This includes the self approach towards improvisation of the condition. Evidence-based practice – This encompasses the services and care that constantly focuses the effectiveness of the people Advocacy – It comprises a whole range of methods and approaches used to change those practices and policies, attitudes and behaviors that work as impediments to the improvement and discrimination against disabled.. Autonomy and empowerment This includes making the opportunities measurable for the people with disability. This reveals the social responsibility of the society towards the disabled. Medications and required therapies: it can also be used as an approach. There are several interventions that can be followed. They are: Physical interventions – it comprises the suitable exercise and therapies for the joint movements. It helps individual in restoring the lost functions and assists in maintaining the physical status. Psychological interventions –It helps individual in lifting up the morale and building the positive attitude in his life. This therapy helps in removing depression, suicidal affinity, anxiety and assists in personality changes. Educational interventions – this is an important intervention as it requires the specific and pertinent health information by the people. This information is given by the proper connection between the individuals and health care provider. Vocational interventions – it includes promoting the vocational training that go with the level of disability. This helps to outfit suitable working and earn a livelihood for an independent life. The intervention strategies and approaches are important for the people with certain disabilities. This actually aids them in many ways to develop their present conditions. The physical intervention is beneficial for reinstating the physical strength. It comprises the suitable exercise and therapies for the joint movements. These acts and functions works for an individual with disability to regain his normal life. Among the interventions, psychological intervention is most vital as it aids an individual in lifting up his morale and creating positive attitude towards life which is very important to lead normal life. Besides, vocational and educational interventions help an individual with specific needs to become self-dependant and lead independent life. It also provides them current health information and proper knowledge which is very essential for them. In a word, these strategies and interventions help people with specific needs to lead a normal life. Discussion on how to consider on-going government developments that will transform services to young vulnerable adults: The on-going developments include technological and medical advancement. There comes certain variation in the policies and legislations from national and international view point. The potential impact of on-going developments comprises the following: Rights versus protection of others and self Risk versus autonomy and independence Remedial therapy versus alleviation of needs Preferences and choices Policies and service dilemmas The on-going government development must have some certain strategies to transform the services to the young vulnerable adults. There should be availability of information about the risk evaluation and organization in adult social care. This will help become stable the vulnerable adult’s health. There are some external agencies that operate the scheme to assist the vulnerable adult and encourage the health and well being in the society. They try to encourage and maintain the proper environment with healthy care partnership. The strategies and approaches for the health and social care suppliers are very much realizable. The plan should be integrated with the patient and well communicated with them so that the best outcome can be got. There should be an integrated approach for providing superior service and proper care to the patients and organisations should work together and closely each other. That is how the services will be transformed to the young vulnerable adults over the next 10 years. Task 4 The role of concepts to explain complex behavior relating to specific needs: There are different concepts of challenging behaviour related with specific needs. An individual with challenging behaviour have the bad temperament, lack of cooperation, self harming intention, and he shows his anger on others. This occurs to him because of his physical impairment, learning disabilities, physical or mental ill health, certain brain injury etc. In the context of society, the challenging behaviour is thought as the unacceptable or the obnoxious behaviour which includes: Physical abuses like assault or personal attack oral abuse like bullying and racist or bad comments Self harming behaviour harsh behaviour for others illegitimate behaviour Negative behaviour towards environment and surroundings etc. There are several factors that influence the challenging behaviour. Some of them are: Perceptions and expectations Anxiety, fear, dependency, temperament etc Frustration or depression Physical Disability sick health Sexuality exhaustion Pain Drugs and alcohol Sleep interruption Social factors like relationship, culture, and ethnicity etc The treatment for these complex behaviours is available according to specific needs. Factors to be considered for managing challenging behavior of young people with learning disabilities: There are several factors that have to be considered to manage the challenging behavior with learning disability. But first of all we need to know the impact of suffering from challenging behaviour. Some of them are: They do not lead a normal life They generally lead isolated life and don’t have the contact with the friends and family or neighbors. They face the complexity in communicating with others They have the reminiscence problem They get addicted to drugs and alcohol They require more emotional and financial support They are more likely to abuse because of the mental illness. Besides, they are greatly dependent on others. They should be provided proper care with their specific needs. The following are the most significant risk factors of challenging behavior: Caregiver’s failure to adjust with them and deal with the stress. Less support from the caregivers Depression among the caregivers Substance abuse Social separation Patient with the history of conjugal violence Physical and verbal aggression etc. These factors should be considered with proper care for managing challenging behavior of young people with learning disabilities. Analysis on methods or strategies that could be applied to improve the situation of a vulnerable adult: To improve the condition of vulnerable adults, there are certain methods and strategies that could be followed. But to adopt a strategy appropriate training should be provided to handle the vulnerable groups. They must respect the rights of the patients and make sure that their behaviour must not hurt them or their emotions. Every patient should be treated respectfully. There are some certain standards and codes in providing service and care to the patients. Service providers must comply with the codes and standards in giving the services and cares to the patients. Vulnerable adults are a part of society. So they have the right to have better services and proper care and lead a normal life. To assist him lead a normal life, health and social care organizations should follow some certain methods and strategies to provide quality service and care and improve their condition. The codes and policies are useful when the practices work in a prescribed manner. The vulnerable groups are dependent on the social workers. So they have to work according to the policies and procedures. These initiatives bring the health and social care to new level allowing access to all people for good health and social care. With the passage of time the health and social care working are getting more comprehensive and more refined in the form of services and care provided to the patients.The government must actively look through these and should try to make better policies and procedures in future. Conclusions: Lastly we can conclude that, understanding the specific needs in Health and Social care is very crucial in terms of providing health and social care services to the patients in the context of society. To understand the specific needs, one needs to firstly know the concept of Health, illness, disability etc. These terms has changed over the past couple of decades. Social, cultural and legal frameworks have some impact on the individual’s specific needs and the services they are getting from the social and health care service providers. There are several facilities available for the people having disability but their type’s treatment may vary according to their specific needs. Government take several initiatives for them to help to foster autonomy and promote empowerment of young vulnerable adults. Integrated plans with patients and on-going governmental developments will transform services to the vulnerable adults easily. People with complex behaviors need to understand to cope with giving service to them. There are some certain factors that need to be considered for managing challenging behaviors of young people with learning disability. And finally to improve the situation of a vulnerable adult and help him lead a normal life, some certain methods and strategies can be followed.

American Flag :: essays research papers

The United States Flag is the third oldest of the National Standards of the world; older than the Union Jack of Britain or the Tricolor of France. The flag was first authorized by Congress June 14, 1777. This date is now observed as Flag Day throughout America. The flag was first flown from Fort Stanwix, on the site of the present city of Rome, New York, on August 3, 1777. It was first under fire for three days later in the Battle of Oriskany, August 6, 1777. It was first decreed that there should be a star and a stripe for each state, making thirteen of both; for the states at the time had just been erected from the original thirteen colonies. The colors of the Flag may be thus explained: The red is for valor, zeal and fervency; the white for hope purity, cleanliness of life, and rectitude of conduct; the blue, the color of heaven, for reverence to God, loyalty, sincerity, justice and truth. The star (an ancient symbol of India, Persia and Egypt) symbolized dominion and sovereignty, as well as lofty aspirations. The constellation of the stars within the union, one star for each state, is emblematic of our Federal Constitution, which reserves to the States their individual sovereignty except as to rights delegated by them to the Federal Government. The symbolism of the Flag was thus interpreted by Washington: â€Å"We take the stars from Heaven, the red from our mother country, separating it by white stripes, thus showing that we have separated from her, and the white stripes shall go down to posterity representing Liberty.† In 1791, Vermont, and in 1792, Kentucky were admitted to the Union and the number of stars and stripes was raised to fifteen in correspondence. As other states came into the Union it became evident there would be too many stripes. So in 1818 Congress enacted that the number of stripes be reduced and restricted henceforth to thirteen representing the thirteen original states; while a star should be added for each succeeding state. That law is the law of today. The name â€Å"Old Glory† was given to our National Flag August 10, 1831, by Captain William Driver of the brig Charles Doggett. The Flag was first carried in battle at the Brandywine, September 11, 1777. It first flew over foreign territory January 28, 1778, at Nassau, Bahama Islands; Fort Nassau having been captured by the American in the course of the war for independence.

Isaac Asimovs Foundation - Validity of Science Fiction Essay examples

Isaac Asimov's Foundation and the trilogy named after it represent a pinnacle in science fiction. Science fiction lovers from every walk of life have joined together to praise Asimov and Foundation. Furthermore, this series has been awarded the first Hugo Award for Best Science Fiction Series. Not before or since the publication of Foundation has this award been given. Despite this recognition, the mainstream literary critics ignore works of science fiction as candidates for more prestigious awards. Instead, science fiction is often dismissed as technology-dependent literature, immature in character development, theme, and structure. A large portion of the literary world still levels a sniff and a scoff toward Foundation and indeed the entire genre of science fiction. Asimov's Foundation can be seen as an archetype demonstrating the validity of science fiction and refuting these criticisms. It is argued that the writings of Asimov are the foundation upon which much of science fiction is built upon. From the outset Asimov maintained a strong faith in the genre, believing that its status will be enhanced with time. "If enough people read science fiction or are, at least, sufficiently influenced by people who read science fiction" he wrote, "enough of the population may come to accept change†¦."(Asimov 4) Several differences between Foundation, and therefore science fiction exemplified by Foundation, and the other divisions of literature must be considered before judging the genre. First, a whole different approach must be taken before judgment. Foundation deals with a nearly limitless range of possibilities. Therefore, the mind must be adapted to put aside incredulity and disbelief. Secondly, Foundation deals with event... ...elope into unknown territory. This constitutes change. Historically, change is slow to come. The negative and judgmental reactions to Foundation and science fiction come from those who resist change, however unfounded their criticism may be. Science fiction is the one branch of literature that accepts the fact of change, the inevitability of change. Without the initial assumption that there will be change, there is no such thing as science fiction, for nothing is science fiction unless it includes events played out against a social or physical background significantly different from our own.(Asimov 4) In our view, science fiction, particularly as represented by such works as Asimov's Foundation, is a valid form of literature, and time will see it through. Works Cited: Asimov, Isaac. Foundation and Empire. Garden City, NY: Double Day & Company,. 1952.

Negotiation and Decision Making: A Professional and Personal View Essay

Negotiation and decision-making offers you a powerful new perspective, a specialized language and a set of tools that you can use to address the most stubborn problems in your everyday life and work. Negotiation and decision-making is a way of understanding reality that emphasizes the relationships among a system's parts, rather than the parts themselves. This is based on a field of study known as system dynamics. Negotiation and decision-making has been defined as an approach to problem solving, by viewing problems as part of an overall system, rather than reacting to specific parts, outcomes or events and potentially contributing to further development of unintended consequences. The rationale behind negotiation and decision-making is critical to an organizational survival. Why is Negotiation and decision-making critical? It can assist you in designing smart and enduring solutions to problems. In its simplest sense, negotiation and decision-making gives you a more accurate picture of reality, so that you can work with a system's natural forces in order to achieve the results you desire. It also encourages you to think about problems and solutions with an eye toward the long view. For example, how might a particular solution you're considering play out over the long run? What unintended consequences might it have? Negotiation and decision-making is founded on some basic universal principles that you will begin to detect in all areas of life once you learn to recognize your emergent issues. Here are a few questions that can be considered when attempting to solve a problem. What is the underlying problem? Is the issue interacting, interrelated, and interdependent component that forms a complex and unified whole. Many... ...whole for the results of our future and to get it, we need to think differently, manage differently, and organize differently. Once people accept that a homogeneous change can provide new opportunities and possibilities, the change is well on its way to successful implementation. The ability to reach an uniformed decision can create stronger values both professionally and personally for this is crucial in an increasingly turbulent world. Therefore, negotiation and decision-making will become critical for survival. Works Cited Scott, C. & Jaffe, D. (1995). Managing Change at Work: Leading people through. Menlo Park, CA: Crisp Publications. Randers, J. (1980). â€Å"Guidelines for Model Conceptualization† in Elements of the System Dynamics Method. J. Randers, ed. pp. 117-139. Waltham, MA: Pegasus Communications. (Randers, 1980). (Scott & Jaffe, 1995). Negotiation and Decision Making: A Professional and Personal View Essay Negotiation and decision-making offers you a powerful new perspective, a specialized language and a set of tools that you can use to address the most stubborn problems in your everyday life and work. Negotiation and decision-making is a way of understanding reality that emphasizes the relationships among a system's parts, rather than the parts themselves. This is based on a field of study known as system dynamics. Negotiation and decision-making has been defined as an approach to problem solving, by viewing problems as part of an overall system, rather than reacting to specific parts, outcomes or events and potentially contributing to further development of unintended consequences. The rationale behind negotiation and decision-making is critical to an organizational survival. Why is Negotiation and decision-making critical? It can assist you in designing smart and enduring solutions to problems. In its simplest sense, negotiation and decision-making gives you a more accurate picture of reality, so that you can work with a system's natural forces in order to achieve the results you desire. It also encourages you to think about problems and solutions with an eye toward the long view. For example, how might a particular solution you're considering play out over the long run? What unintended consequences might it have? Negotiation and decision-making is founded on some basic universal principles that you will begin to detect in all areas of life once you learn to recognize your emergent issues. Here are a few questions that can be considered when attempting to solve a problem. What is the underlying problem? Is the issue interacting, interrelated, and interdependent component that forms a complex and unified whole. Many... ...whole for the results of our future and to get it, we need to think differently, manage differently, and organize differently. Once people accept that a homogeneous change can provide new opportunities and possibilities, the change is well on its way to successful implementation. The ability to reach an uniformed decision can create stronger values both professionally and personally for this is crucial in an increasingly turbulent world. Therefore, negotiation and decision-making will become critical for survival. Works Cited Scott, C. & Jaffe, D. (1995). Managing Change at Work: Leading people through. Menlo Park, CA: Crisp Publications. Randers, J. (1980). â€Å"Guidelines for Model Conceptualization† in Elements of the System Dynamics Method. J. Randers, ed. pp. 117-139. Waltham, MA: Pegasus Communications. (Randers, 1980). (Scott & Jaffe, 1995).

Prince of Denmark: A Hero?

William's Shakespeare's famous drama Hamlet, is filled with treachery, revenge, and corruption. The play unfolds as the protagonist, a troubled young prince, looses his father to the hand of his uncle. At the same time, his recently widowed mother marries this uncle becomes new king of Denmark. After encountering his father's ghost, young Hamlet dedicates himself to avenge his father's murder. But although at the beginning he seems sure of what he's set out to do, his many flaws start to show thought out the story. He begins constantly struggling in a battle with his mind, and delays action by finding reasons to avoid his duties. He also builds up many emotions on his mother's marriage, and looses faith on all women. He becomes uninterested in life and sees no meaning of it. He's unable to act, to think clearly, to love, to build a much more meaningful life and hides himself in his own thoughts. He clearly was not a fit hero, for he was a passive, suicidal, misogynist wimp. Hamlet can be portrayed as uncertain. He is unclear about whether to avenge the death of his father, or simply mourn his absence but recover and let go. He conveys a feeling of ambiguity in his soliloquies, by fearing condemnation for himself. In act one he first brings out doubts about this father's ghost, saying â€Å"The spirit that I have seen may be the devil. † Making this a quick excuse he continues saying the devil being so strong has abused him in his â€Å"weakness and melancholy† (III, 2, Pg137). He continues to doubt his ability to obey the ghost, for he is simply a coward. He confesses he's â€Å"dull† and claims he cannot take action because his personality is a passive one. As the play goes on, Hamlet still does not find the motivation to continue his plan. He compares himself to the player of a king passionate about Hecuba, when it doesn't mean much to him because he's acting. He says, â€Å"Yet I, a lazy and miserable rascal, mope about like Johnny Daydreams, lacking inspiration for my cause, and unable to say a word. No, not even on behalf of a king who was damnably murdered. † (II, 2, Pg135). The prince of Denmark later begins to convince himself that the ghost was truly his father and is determined to follow the ghost's commands. But in order to kill the king, he thinks of attempting to act but cannot actually bring himself into action. In act III, scene 2, Hamlet decides to go on to kill King Claudius and establish justice once and for all. But at the next scene he talks himself out of character and does not kill the king. Apparently the king was praying in church and he decided not to kill him because â€Å"he would go to heaven. So much for my revenge! †. He delays and intends to do the deed when King Claudius â€Å"is drunk asleep, or in a rage, in bed indulging in incestuous pleasures, blaspheming while playing a game, or involved in some activity that has no trace of God's salvation in it. † (III, 3, Pg187). Hamlet's actions are delayed whenever the situation is not perfect. He goes back and forth, and only kills Claudius when he's almost force to before his own death. Another one of Hamlet's flaws is his lack of contempt for life. After his uncle Claudius murdered his brother, Hamlet's father, he'd knew it was for the power and hand of the queen. His mood turns morbid and depressed. His mind suffered and he was looking at death as the dream of something better than his troubled life. †To live or not to live. That is the issue. Is it more noble to endure the blows of fickle fortune, or to fight against overwhelming odds and overcome them? †(III,1,Pg143). Hamlet is much tired of feeling sorrow over his murdered father and anger towards his mother. But as he contemplates suicide, he wonders and worries about what and where he would go after death. He keeps in mind Christian beliefs of damnation and still sees death as something unknown and feared. But he's constantly wishing he didn't have to go on. â€Å"I have lost my good spirits, dropped all form of exercise. Indeed, I feel so depressed that this beautiful structure the earth seems to be a useless lump of rock. †(II, 2, Pg117). He not only hates his life but the world that surrounds him has no meaning. He even calls his home Denmark, where he is prince, an â€Å"unweedened garden† of â€Å"things rank and gross in nature†(I, 2, Pg00). After coming back from his ship to England, Hamlet encounters a gravedigger and learns he's digging the grave for Ophelia. It makes him feel very angry and confused, and after learning about the life of some of the deceased at the graveyard, changes dramatically his views towards death. He goes from feeling troubled and fearful of the unknown, into a person aware of the reality of death. Hamlet becomes obsessed with it and its effects. In act III he's able to discuss death openly, and when he killed Polonius by mistake he had no sympathy or remorse. Same happened when he sends to kill Rosencratz and Guildenstern believing â€Å"they brought it upon themselves†. He shows numbness to all death around him and death itself. He comes to a conclusion that no matter who you are and how important you are, everyone ends up buried exactly the same way. â€Å"Alexander died, Alexander was buried, Alexander returned to dust, the dust is earth, of earth we make loam,†(V, 1, Pg273) This way of thinking helped him accept Laertes' duel knowing what might be his faith. â€Å"Being prepared for [death] is what matters†¦ what's so bad about an early death? (V, 2, Pg295). During the entire play, Hamlet shows a negative view towards the women in his life as well. He feels that both his mother Gertrude, and lover Ophelia have betrayed them through their actions. His relationship with his mother isn't the best because even though he loves her, he's still angry that she didn't mourn his father and married his uncle so quickly after his death. He feels she has betrayed booth him and his father, he also sees it as immoral and disrespectful. He feels she, as well as all woman are dependent on men too much, are too weak, and cannot think for themselves. He calls them â€Å"brainless beasts† who â€Å"Know well enough what cuckold s [they] make of [men]. †(III, 1, Pg149). He begins to feel disgusted with marriage and sexuality â€Å"Imagine! Living in the stinking sweat of a greasy bed, wallowing in corruption, flirting and making love in that disgusting pigsty! †(III, 4, Pg197). Hamlet does not understand how men could stand having women around them at all. His mother obviously shaped greatly his view on all women. He especially let out all these feelings when he encounters his young love Ophelia. He says harsh things to her and treats her as if she was much more inferior to him. He tells her all women are whores, and all women, including her, who seem pure inside are full of corruption and sexual desires. Ophelia's father also gets offended as he's called a fishmonger, because he ordered his daughter to spy on Hamlet. Hamlet doesn't trust Ophelia, even though she's always willing to listen to him. He thinks he's got women all figured out â€Å"I know all about your cosmetics. God has given you one face, and you must make yourselves another. You wiggle and mince, you put on fancy voices, you use fashionable words, and pretend your affections are natural†(III, 1, Pg149). But in the mist of his rage, he failed to see that Ophelia always defended him and loved him despite his brutality towards her. Not only was he passive, suicidal and misogynist, but he often showed he was a wimp. Hamlet delayed his revenge for so long, making several excuses when he had a clear chance to kill his uncle. Also, he simply did not confront him, but organized a play to set him up on what he called a â€Å"mousetrap†. But this only delayed his actions even more. â€Å"My eyes will be revered on his face, later we'll compare notes judging his demeanor. †(III, 2, Pg157). He showed to be afraid of Claudius, because everything he does is not direct. Hamlet was specially a wimp when he goes to confront his mother, and he notices that someone is hiding behind the curtains but cannot make out who it is. Thinking it might be Claudius, he stabs him with his sword. But the person behind the curtains was Polonius, Ophelia's father. â€Å"You wretched rash, intruding fool- farewell. I thought you were the king. Accept your bad luck. †(III, 4, Pg193). His actions were very cowardly because he didn't attack the king directly, but behind the curtain where one cannot see the attack coming. Young Hamlet may had been a prince by birth but not by actions. He also wasn't fit to be a hero, because his many flaws could not allow him to develop a admirable personality. It can't be denied that his situation was harsh and that it could bring sorrow to anyone in his position. But he should have been able to think and express himself more rationally, instead of running endlessly around the same circle of insecurity. His lack of strength affected not only himself but all members of the court and friends. Upon his death he was given memorial like a soldier, even though he lived like a coward, without love, pride or happiness.

Themes of Chopin’s Writings

David Spencer Smith Mrs. Spears English 11 AP February 19, 2010 â€Å"The Storm† Title: The Storm Author:Kate Chopin Background: Chopin moved to Louisiana with her husband in 1870 and was immersed into the Creole culture. When her husband died suddenly in 1882, Chopin was left to raise six children. This gave her a huge sense of individualism from a woman’s prospective. The themes of many of her writings, including The Storm, involve topics to controversial for the time, and were never published. Conclusions:By the title â€Å"The Storm†, I would assume that the story was written about about a strong thunderstorm that had a lasting effect on a family. However, after reading the background information, I had an more accurate hypothesis. Subject: Adultery Introduction:C- Kate Chopin begins the story with a strong description of the setting and two characters. P- The leaves were so still that even Bibi thought it was going to rain. Bibinot, who was accustomed to converse on terms of perfect equality with his little son, called the child’s attention to certain sombre clouds that were rolling with sinister intention from the west, accompanied by a sullen threatening roar. They were at Friedheimer’s store and decided to remain there till the storm had passed. They sat within the door on two empty kegs. Bibi was four years old and looked very wise. W- Chopin wanted readers to notice the severity and the importance of the coming storm, and possibly note its symbolism. W- Chopin wanted the readers to be able to relate to Bibinot and Bibi, as a father-son relationship. Syntax and Effect: C- Kate Chopin uses long, complex sentences with clear descriptions of the setting and the characters actions. P- His voice and her own startled her as if from a trance, and she seized Bobinot's vest. Alcee, mounting to the porch, grabbed the trousers and snatched Bibi's braided jacket that was about to be carried away by a sudden gust of wind. He expressed an intention to remain outside, but it was soon apparent that he might as well have been out in the open: the water beat in upon the boards in driving sheets, and he went inside, closing the door after him. It was even necessary to put something beneath the door to keep the water out. W- Chopin wanted to create imagery so that the readers could connect to a further extent with the piece. W- Chopin’s compound sentences carry the reader with story, building a solid base for the continuing plot line and future symbolism. C- Chopin uses dialogue throughout the The Storm. P- â€Å"Mama'll be ‘fraid, yes, he suggested with blinking eyes. â€Å"She'll shut the house. Maybe she got Sylvie helpin' her this evenin',† Bobinot responded reassuringly. â€Å"No; she ent got Sylvie. Sylvie was helpin' her yistiday,' piped Bibi. W- Chopin uses dialogue to show the speech of the time, using the Creole influence of her past. W- Chopin also uses dialogue to show a passing of time, advancing not only the plot line, but the progression of the storm as well. W- Chopin wanted to give the readers a further idea of the setting, and timeframe of the story. C- Chopin begins the paragraphs with short sentences in preparation to the storm and in the aftermath, then escalates to longer, more detailed sentences during the storm. P- Alcee Laballiere wrote to his wife, Clarisse, that night. It was a loving letter, full of tender solicitude. (after the storm) They did not heed the crashing torrents, and the roar of the elements made her laugh as she lay in his arms. She was a revelation in that dim, mysterious chamber; as white as the couch she lay upon. during the storm) W- Chopin wanted to show the reader the extent and the meaning of the storm through her wording. W- Chopin wanted the seriousness of the conflict to be compacted into long details. Diction and Effect:C- Chopin uses french exclamations in various points throughout the story. P- lf this keeps up, Dieu sait if the levees goin' to stan it! † she exclaimed†¦. â€Å"Bonte! â €  she cried, releasing herself from his encircling arm and retreating from the window, the house'll go next! If I only knew w'ere Bibi was! â€Å"†¦ â€Å"Shrimps! Oh, Bobinot! you too good fo' anything! and she gave him a smacking kiss on the cheek that resounded, â€Å"J'vous reponds, we'll have a feas' to-night! umph-umph! † W- Chopin uses the french dialogue to pull an emphasis to the selected sentences. W- Chopin wants the readers to feel the seriousness of the tone through the foreign language. C- Kate Chopin uses dynamic verbs in The Storm. P-She went and stood at the window with a greatly disturbed look on her face. She wiped the frame that was clouded with moisture. It was stiflingly hot. Alcee got up and joined her at the window, looking over her shoulder. The rain was coming down in sheets obscuring the view of far-off cabins and enveloping the distant wood in a gray mist. The playing of the lightning was incessant. A bolt struck a tall chinaberry tree at the edge of the field. It filled all visible space with a blinding glare and the crash seemed to invade the very boards they stood upon. W- Chopin uses the dynamic verbs to show direct actions of the characters, which are mean to be taken exactly as they were written. W- Chopin wanted to limit the story to these simple verbs so that the readers could follow. W- Chopin wanted readers to focus on the descriptive adjectives, instead of the verbs. Vocabulary: Dieu sait: God knows Bonte: Goodness Sombre: gloomily dark; shadowy; dimly lighted. Solicitude: the state of being solicitous; anxiety or concern J’cous reponds: I tell you Resounded: to sound again Conclusion: C: In the conclusion to The Storm, Chopin uses a short, concise sentence. P: So the storm passed and every one was happy. W: Chopin wanted to bring the story to an end with the summation of the story’s major symbol. W: Chopin wanted to end the conflict of the affair by showing the peace within her family. W: Chopin wanted to convey the story’s final message to the reader, that storms, just like problems, will pass. She leaves the lingering question as to wether or not there will be another storm. Other Literary Techniques Used:C- Chopin uses foreshadowing in The Storm. P- As she stepped outside, Alcee Laballiere rode in at the gate. She had not seen him very often since her marriage, and never alone†¦ She was a little fuller of figure than five years before when she married; but she had lost nothing of her vivacity. Her blue eyes still retained their melting quality. W- Chopin wanted to bring the readers a sense of what was going to come. W- Chopin wanted the readers to infer the choice that Calixta was going to make, a choice that could relate to all married woman. C- Chopin uses imagery through extreme details in The Storm. P- Calixta put her hands to her eyes, and with a cry, staggered backward. Alcee's arm encircled her, and for an instant he drew her close and spasmodically to him†¦. Alcee clasped her shoulders and looked into her face. The contact of her warm, palpitating body when he had unthinkingly rawn her into his arms, had aroused all the old-time infatuation and desire for her flesh. W- Chopin wanted to provoke the audiences sensory imaging. W- Chopin wanted the readers to feel as if they were there, and feel the connections between Calixta and Bobinot (husband and wife) and Calixta and Alcee (the adulterous relationship. ) Tone: C- Kate Chopin uses a serious, matter of fact, yet loving tone. P- He stayed cushioned upon her, bre athless, dazed, enervated, with his heart beating like a hammer upon her. With one hand she clasped his head, her lips lightly touching his forehead. The other hand stroked with a soothing rhythm his muscular shoulders. The growl of the thunder was distant and passing away. The rain beat softly upon the shingles, inviting them to drowsiness and sleep. But they dared not yield. W- Chopin wanted to let the readers know that the characters, while in the moment of love, were fully aware of their actions. W- Chopin wanted the female audience to feel both sides of the adulterous relationship. While there was love, she still had the responsibilities of her family. Style: C- Kate Chopin writes in a strict novelist style. P- Chopin used a sequence of events and she is known as a novelist from previous works. W- Chopin uses a novelist style so that the story can proceed in a sequence of events. W- Chopin uses the style so she could portray the extensive detail to the readers. Thesis: C- Kate Chopin uses an implied thesis that shows the commitment and oppression, and at the same time, the love of being a wife. P- Implied throughout the entire plot as well as the major symbol of the story. W- To show that while wives may make decisions outside of a marital relationship, that they still have a strong relationship with their families. W- To show that if the family weathered the storm apart, they could still come together in the end. Type: A narration, because it tells a story and it is in chronological order. Pattern:C: Kate Chopin writes in chronological pattern. P: Chopin tells the story in a series of events, covering the entire storm. W: Wanted to show the progress of the storm and the relationship within it. W: Wanted to help the readers relate to the story, through the change of time. Title: Kate Chopin titled the story based on the pieces biggest symbol, the storm. Within the storm there are several different parts. Including the different relationships and the actions that took place. Purpose:C- Chopin wanted to entertain readers with a story about an affair. P- Although the short story was never published at the time it was written, Chopin wanted to tell an entertaining story about the feelings that married women face. W: To entertain people with a story of the feelings that women have during a marriage. W: To convey the message that people that sometimes act on adulterous feelings. W: To entertain the audiences emotions through the amount of detail. Audience: C: â€Å"The Storm† was meant for an audience of women. P: It was written by a woman at a time where the idea of adultery was one of the most blasphemous crimes that could be committed. W: Because most women are able to relate to other women, better than opposite sexes are able to relate. W: To set an appropriate mood for the story, from a woman to a woman. Write the first sentence of each paragraph: The leaves were so still that even Bibi thought it was going to rain. – The introduction to create the setting. â€Å"Mama'll be ‘fraid, yes, he suggested with blinking eyes. – Dialogue, to set the characters. â€Å"She'll shut the house. Maybe she got Sylvie helpin' her this evenin',† Bobinot responded reassuringly. -Dialogue, to set the characters and show relationships. â€Å"No; she ent got Sylvie. Sylvie was helpin' her yistiday,' piped Bibi. -Dialogue, to set the characters and show relationships. Bobinot arose and going across to the c ounter purchased a can of shrimps, of which Calixta was very fond. – To show the relationship between the husband and wife. Calixta, at home, felt no uneasiness for their safety. – To show the relationship between husband and wife. Out on the small front gallery she had hung Bobinot's Sunday clothes to dry and she hastened out to gather them before the rain fell. – A sequence, moving the plot â€Å"May I come and wait on your gallery till the storm is over, Calixta? † he asked. – Introduction of a new character. â€Å"Come ‘long in, M'sieur Alcee. † Dialogue. His voice and her own startled her as if from a trance, and she seized Bobinot's vest. – Foreshadowing future events â€Å"My! what a rain! It's good two years sence it rain' like that,† exclaimed Calixta as she rolled up a piece of bagging and Alcee helped her to thrust it beneath the crack. Sequence of events She was a little fuller of figure than five years before when she married; but she had lost nothing of her vivacity. – Foreshadowing The rain beat upon the low, shingled roof with a force and clatter that threatened to break an entrance and deluge them there. – Setting Alcee flung himself into a rocker and Calixta nervously began to gather up from the floor the lengths of a cotton sheet which she had been sewing. – Foreshadowing lf this keeps up, Dieu sait if the levees goin' to stan it! † she exclaimed. – Dialogue â€Å"What have you got to do with the levees? – Dialogue â€Å"I got enough to do! An' there's Bobinot with Bibi out in that storm—if he only didn' left Friedheimer's! † – Dialogue, relationship. â€Å"Let us hope, Calixta, that Bobinot's got sense enough to come in out of a cyclone. † – Dialogue. She went and stood at the window with a greatly disturbed look on her face. – Action Calixta put her hands to her eyes, and with a cry, staggered backward. – Action â€Å"Bonte! † she cried, releasing herself from his encircling arm and retreating from the window, the house'll go next! – Foreshadowing â€Å"Calixta,† he said, â€Å"don't be frightened. – Di alogue. â€Å"Do you remember—in Assumption, Calixta? † he asked in a low voice broken by passion. They did not heed the crashing torrents, and the roar of the elements made her laugh as she lay in his arms. – Actions, advancement of the plot The generous abundance of her passion, without guile or trickery, was like a white flame which penetrated and found response in depths of his own sensuous nature that had never yet been reached. – Detail to convey symbolism When he touched her breasts they gave themselves up in quivering ecstasy, inviting his lips. – Detail He stayed cushioned upon her, breathless, dazed, enervated, with his heart beating like a hammer upon her. – Detail. The growl of the thunder was distant and passing away. – Action, after the climax The rain was over; and the sun was turning the glistening green world into a palace of gems. – Recovery from conflict. Bobinot and Bibi, trudging home, stopped without at the cistern to make themselves presentable. – Action Alcee Laballiere wrote to his wife, Clarisse, that night. – Action As for Clarisse, she was charmed upon receiving her husband's letter. – Action So the storm passed and every one was happy. – Conclusion Opposite of â€Å"The Storm† Tone: Happy, Fresh Thesis: Marriage is a complete unity. Effect: To show the exclusive relationship between husband and wife. Purpose: To express a belief about marriage. Audience: Everybody, mainly focused towards other women. Implied from â€Å"The Storm† Tone: Hatred, Outcast Thesis: Society condemns women who commit adultery. Effect: There’s only one protection from the world. Purpose: To show the public thoughts of adulterous women. Audience: Everybody, although directed mainly at women and religious types.